The Temple of Garni is a well-known Hellenistic temple located in the Kotayk province of Armenia, about 28 kilometers from the capital city, Yerevan. The temple was built in the 1st century AD by King Tiridates I of Armenia, on the site of an earlier pagan temple. It is the only surviving pagan temple in Armenia, and one of the most recognizable landmarks in the country.

The temple is made of local basalt and is designed in the Greco-Roman architectural style. It was dedicated to the sun god Mihr and was part of a royal palace complex. The temple's design includes a main hall with 24 columns, and a pediment that features a depiction of Apollo riding a chariot across the sky. The temple also has an adjoining bathhouse that was used for ritual purification before entering the temple.

In the 4th century AD, Armenia became the first nation in the world to adopt Christianity as its state religion, and the temple was converted into a church. Later, during the Arab invasion in the 8th century, the temple was destroyed, and the site was abandoned. In the 20th century, the temple was reconstructed and restored to its former glory. Today, it is a popular tourist destination and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Visitors to the Temple of Garni can explore the site and take in the beautiful views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. It is also a popular spot for cultural events and concerts.

Temple of Garni

Zvartnots Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral of the Angels, is a 7th-century historical site located in the Armavir Province of Armenia. The cathedral was built by Catholicos Nerses III in 641 AD, during the height of the Armenian Bagratuni dynasty, and served as the main religious center of the country until its destruction in the 10th century.

Zvartnots is renowned for its unique architectural design, which combines elements of both the Byzantine and Sassanian styles. The cathedral is circular in shape, with three tiers of arches and a central dome. The exterior of the cathedral is decorated with intricate stone carvings and sculptural reliefs depicting religious scenes and figures.

The cathedral was destroyed in the 10th century following a series of earthquakes, and its ruins were only rediscovered in the early 20th century. Despite its ruined state, Zvartnots Cathedral is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is considered one of the most important historical and cultural sites in Armenia. Today, visitors can explore the ruins of the cathedral and learn about its rich history and significance to Armenian culture and architecture.

Zvartnots Cathedral

Noravank is a 13th-century Armenian monastery located in the Vayots Dzor Province of Armenia. The monastery was built by the Orbelian family, a prominent Armenian noble dynasty, as a spiritual center and a mausoleum for their dynasty.

The complex consists of several buildings, including the main church of Surb Astvatsatsin, the two-storey Surb Karapet church, a scriptorium, a refectory, and other smaller buildings. The main church is known for its unique architectural style, featuring a single dome and a complex system of arcades and pillars.

The exterior of the main church is decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures, including images of saints, angels, and mythical creatures. Inside, the church is decorated with frescoes, some of which are considered to be the finest examples of medieval Armenian art.

Noravank is also known for its location, nestled in a narrow canyon surrounded by red cliffs and stunning natural scenery. The surrounding area is also home to many other important historical and cultural sites, including the Areni-1 cave complex and the ancient city of Yeghegnadzor.

Noravank

Gegskiy Waterfall is located near the town of Gagra, on the Black Sea coast of Abkhazia, which is a disputed region in the South Caucasus. It is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the area, attracting visitors with its breathtaking natural beauty.

The waterfall is approximately 70 meters high, making it one of the tallest waterfalls in the region. It is surrounded by lush greenery and rocks, creating a picturesque and serene atmosphere. The waterfall's water flows down from the high cliffs above, forming a crystal clear pool at the bottom.

Visitors can reach the waterfall by hiking a short distance through the forest. Along the way, they can enjoy the natural beauty of the area and the refreshing coolness of the nearby river. At the waterfall's base, there are viewing platforms where visitors can take in the stunning views of the falls and surrounding landscapes.

Gegskiy waterfall is an ideal destination for nature lovers, photographers, and adventure enthusiasts. The natural beauty of the area, combined with the invigorating experience of the hike, make it an unforgettable experience for all who visit.

Gegskiy waterfall

Geghard is a medieval monastery complex located in the Kotayk Province of Armenia, about 40 km east of the capital city Yerevan. The name "Geghard" means "spear" in Armenian, which is a reference to the spear that was allegedly used to wound Jesus during his crucifixion.

The monastery complex was founded in the 4th century AD and was rebuilt in the 13th century, when the main cathedral, the Church of the Holy Mother of God, was constructed. The church is partially carved out of the surrounding rock and features intricate stone carvings and frescoes.

One of the main attractions of the monastery is the Geghardavank, a natural cave that was used as a place of worship by the early Christians. The cave is renowned for its acoustics and is often used for musical performances.

Another important feature of the monastery is the holy spring that flows through the complex. The water is believed to have healing properties and is used for baptisms and other religious ceremonies.

In 2000, Geghard Monastery was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing its cultural significance and outstanding universal value. It is one of the most visited tourist destinations in Armenia and a must-see attraction for those interested in history, culture, and architecture.

Geghard monastery

Etchmiadzin Monastery, also known as the Mother Cathedral of Holy Etchmiadzin, is the spiritual center of the Armenian Apostolic Church located in the city of Vagharshapat, Armenia. It was founded in the early 4th century by St. Gregory the Illuminator, who converted King Tiridates III and the people of Armenia to Christianity.

The monastery complex includes several churches, chapels, museums, and administrative buildings. The main church, known as the Mother Cathedral, was built in the 4th century and has been renovated and expanded several times over the centuries. It is considered one of the oldest continuously operating Christian churches in the world. The complex also includes the churches of St. Hripsime and St. Gayane, both of which were built in the 7th century and are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Etchmiadzin Monastery has been a major center of Armenian religious and cultural life for centuries. It is the residence of the Catholicos of All Armenians, the head of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The complex also houses a seminary, a museum of Armenian art and artifacts, and a library with a vast collection of ancient manuscripts and books.

Etchmiadzin Monastery is an important pilgrimage site for Armenians and a popular tourist destination. Visitors can attend church services, see ancient relics and artifacts, and learn about Armenian history and culture. The monastery is also a symbol of Armenian national identity and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Etchmiadzin monastery

Haghpat Monastery, also known as Haghpatavank, is a medieval Armenian monastery complex located in the Lori Province of Armenia. The monastery was built in the 10th century, during the reign of the Bagratid dynasty, and is now a UNESCO World Heritage site.

The monastery complex is made up of several buildings, including the Church of Surb Nshan, the Church of Surb Astvatsatsin, a bell tower, a refectory, and several khachkars (stone crosses). The architecture of the monastery is a mix of Armenian and Byzantine styles.

The Church of Surb Nshan (Holy Sign) is the largest building in the complex and is considered to be one of the best examples of Armenian religious architecture. The church has a rectangular plan with a dome in the center and is adorned with intricate carvings and frescoes.

The Church of Surb Astvatsatsin (Holy Mother of God) is another notable building in the complex, built in the 11th century. It has a cruciform plan and is also decorated with intricate carvings and frescoes.

The bell tower, located on the southern side of the complex, was built in the 13th century and stands at a height of 18 meters. It is one of the tallest medieval bell towers in Armenia.

Haghpat Monastery is a significant cultural and religious center in Armenia and attracts tourists from all over the world. The monastery complex is surrounded by stunning natural scenery and offers breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.

Haghpat monastery

Tatev Monastery is a historic Armenian Apostolic monastery located in the Syunik Province of Armenia. It is situated on a plateau overlooking the Vorotan River Gorge and is surrounded by the mountains of the Syunik range.

The monastery was founded in the 9th century, and it became an important cultural and educational center in the Middle Ages. The complex includes several churches, a refectory, a library, and a university.

One of the most notable features of the monastery is its main church, the Church of St. Paul and St. Peter, which was built in the 9th century and is renowned for its unique architecture and intricate stone carvings. Another highlight of the complex is the Tatev University, which was one of the most prestigious educational institutions in medieval Armenia.

Tatev Monastery was an important center of religious and cultural life in Armenia for centuries, but it suffered significant damage during the Mongol invasions and was abandoned in the 17th century. Restoration work began in the 20th century, and the monastery has since become a popular tourist destination in Armenia, attracting visitors from all over the world. It was also the site of the Wings of Tatev, the world's longest reversible aerial tramway, which opened in 2010 and offers stunning views of the surrounding mountains and gorge.

Tatev monastery

The Palace of the Shirvanshahs is a historical monument located in Baku, Azerbaijan. It was built in the 15th century during the reign of the Shirvanshah dynasty, which was one of the most powerful and influential dynasties of Azerbaijan.

The palace complex consists of several buildings, including the Divanhane, the Palace Mosque, the Mausoleum of Seyid Yahya Bakuvi, the Eastern Divanhane, the Key Gubad Mosque, and the Palace Bathhouse. The complex is known for its distinctive architectural style, which combines elements of Persian, Arabic, and Azerbaijani architecture.

The Divanhane is the main building of the palace complex and was used for official ceremonies and receptions. The Palace Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Baku and features a beautiful portal decorated with intricate patterns and inscriptions.

The Mausoleum of Seyid Yahya Bakuvi is a small but highly decorated structure that is located just outside the palace walls. The Eastern Divanhane is another ceremonial building that was used for meetings of the Shirvanshahs' council.

The Key Gubad Mosque is a beautiful domed mosque that is situated in the center of the palace complex. The Palace Bathhouse is a unique structure that was used for the hygiene needs of the Shirvanshahs.

The Palace of the Shirvanshahs is an important cultural and historical monument of Azerbaijan and has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It attracts tourists from all over the world who come to admire its beautiful architecture and learn about the history of Azerbaijan.

Palace of the Shirvanshahs

Symphony of Stones is a natural rock formation located in Armenia, near the city of Goris in the southern part of the country. The formation consists of tall, narrow columns of rock, formed by volcanic activity and erosion over millions of years. The columns are arranged in rows and have a striking resemblance to organ pipes or a symphony orchestra, hence the name "Symphony of Stones."

The site is a popular tourist destination, offering visitors a chance to explore the unique geology of the area and learn about the history and culture of the region. There is a hiking trail that leads visitors through the columns and provides stunning views of the surrounding landscape.

In addition to its geological significance, Symphony of Stones is also known for its cultural significance. The area has been inhabited for thousands of years and was an important center of Armenian culture and civilization during the Middle Ages. The nearby city of Goris is home to several historic sites, including the medieval Tatev Monastery and the Khndzoresk Cave Village, which provide a glimpse into the rich history and culture of the region.

Symphony of stones

Republic Square is the central square of Yerevan, the capital city of Armenia. The square was designed by Alexander Tamanyan, an Armenian architect, in 1924, and it was known as Lenin Square during Soviet times. The square has a large oval shape and is surrounded by a number of significant buildings and landmarks, including the National Gallery and History Museum, the Government House, the Marriott Hotel, the Armenian History Museum, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

At the center of the square stands the famous "Dancing Fountains," a beautiful water fountain display that is choreographed to music and light. The fountains were installed in 2007 and have since become a popular attraction in Yerevan, especially in the summertime when the weather is warm.

The square is also known for its rich history and cultural significance, as it has been the site of many important events throughout Armenian history. For example, it was the location of the first public speech given by Armenia's first president, Levon Ter-Petrosyan, following the country's independence in 1991.

Overall, Republic Square is a vibrant and bustling center of activity in Yerevan, with many cafes, restaurants, and shops located in and around the square. It is a must-see destination for visitors to Armenia's capital city.

Republic Square Yerevan

Tatevi Anapat, also known as the Tatev Monastery, is a medieval Armenian monastery located in the southeastern region of Armenia, in the province of Syunik. It was founded in the 4th century and expanded during the 9th and 10th centuries.

The monastery is situated on a plateau, surrounded by steep cliffs and deep gorges, and can only be reached by a cable car system called the "Wings of Tatev". This makes it a popular tourist attraction in the region.

The complex includes several churches, a bell tower, a library, and other structures. The most prominent building is the Holy Mother of God Cathedral, which was built in the 9th century. It is renowned for its intricate carvings and murals, as well as its acoustics, which are said to be among the best in the world.

Tatevi Anapat has played an important role in Armenian history and culture, serving as a center for religious and educational activities. It was also a refuge for scholars and artists during times of war and persecution. Today, it is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and continues to be an important spiritual and cultural center for Armenians.

Tatevi Anapat

Ateshgah, also known as the Fire Temple of Baku, is a religious and cultural monument located in Surakhani, a suburb of Baku, Azerbaijan. The temple is associated with Zoroastrianism, a pre-Islamic religion that was once widely practiced in Azerbaijan and Iran.

The Ateshgah complex is believed to have been built during the 17th and 18th centuries, although there are indications that it may have been used for religious purposes even earlier. The temple is constructed of local limestone and features a central courtyard surrounded by a number of rooms and alcoves. The most distinctive feature of the Ateshgah is its four octagonal towers, each of which is topped by a dome. These towers served as a means of directing the flow of natural gas from beneath the earth's surface into the temple.

The temple is dedicated to the worship of fire, which was considered a sacred element in Zoroastrianism. It is said that pilgrims came from as far away as India and Persia to pay homage to the temple and to worship at its holy flames. The Ateshgah also served as a meeting place for traders and travelers, who would rest and exchange goods and ideas at the temple.

After the decline of Zoroastrianism, the Ateshgah fell into disrepair and was eventually abandoned. In the early 20th century, the temple was restored and converted into a museum, showcasing the history and culture of Azerbaijan. Today, the Ateshgah of Baku is a popular tourist attraction and a symbol of Azerbaijan's rich cultural heritage.

Ateshgah of Baku

The Maiden Tower, also known as the "Giz Galasi," is a distinctive monument in the Old City of Baku, Azerbaijan. The tower has a cylindrical shape and is around 29 meters (95 feet) tall, with an external diameter of around 16.5 meters (54 feet) at its base. It has eight floors, each of which is accessible via a steep staircase. The tower is made of stone and is thought to have been constructed in the 12th century.

The Maiden Tower has become a symbol of Baku and is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the city. Its origins and purpose remain a mystery, although there are several legends and theories about its history. Some believe that it was used as a fire temple or a defensive structure, while others suggest that it may have been used for astronomical observations.

One of the most famous legends associated with the Maiden Tower is that of the imprisoned princess. According to the story, the king of Baku ordered the construction of the tower to protect his daughter from a predicted death. However, despite his efforts, the princess was bitten by a poisonous snake that had entered the tower. Another legend suggests that the tower was used as a prison for women who had betrayed their families or committed other crimes.

Today, the Maiden Tower houses a museum dedicated to its history and is also a popular venue for cultural events and exhibitions. Visitors can climb to the top of the tower to enjoy panoramic views of Baku's Old City and the surrounding area.

Maiden tower

Flame Towers is a trio of skyscrapers located in Baku, Azerbaijan. The towers are named for their distinctive shape, which resembles flames. Completed in 2012, the Flame Towers are a modern architectural landmark that has quickly become a symbol of the city.

The towers are home to a variety of luxury amenities, including hotels, residences, and office space. The tallest tower, which stands at 182 meters, is primarily residential. The middle tower, which is slightly shorter at 168 meters, houses a hotel. The smallest tower, at 140 meters, is home to offices.

What makes the Flame Towers truly unique, however, is their LED lighting system. The towers are covered in more than 10,000 LED lights, which can be programmed to display a variety of different patterns and colors. At night, the towers come alive with vibrant displays that can be seen from across the city.

Overall, the Flame Towers represent a fusion of modern architecture and traditional Azerbaijani culture. They are a popular destination for tourists and locals alike, and have quickly become one of the most recognizable landmarks in Baku.

Flame Towers

Heydar Mosque, also known as the Islamic Center of Baku, is a mosque located in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. The mosque was constructed in 2012 and was opened to the public in 2014. It is named after Heydar Aliyev, the former President of Azerbaijan, who passed away in 2003.

The Heydar Mosque is one of the largest mosques in the Caucasus region and can accommodate up to 10,000 worshippers at a time. The mosque's exterior is decorated with intricate Islamic motifs and calligraphy, while the interior is adorned with chandeliers, stained glass windows, and carpets.

In addition to serving as a mosque, the Heydar Mosque also functions as an Islamic cultural center, hosting conferences, seminars, and exhibitions. The complex includes a library, classrooms, and a lecture hall, as well as a restaurant and a souvenir shop.

The mosque is open to visitors of all faiths, and guided tours are available for those who want to learn more about its history and significance. It is considered to be one of the most significant landmarks in Baku, attracting thousands of tourists every year.

Heydar Mosque

Bibi-Heybat Mosque is a historical mosque located on the coast of the Caspian Sea in Baku, Azerbaijan. The mosque was originally built in the 13th century by Shirvanshah Farrukhzad II Ibn Ahsitan II, but was later reconstructed in the 1990s.

The mosque has a rich history, as it is the burial place of Ukeyma Khanum, a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad, who was brought to Baku by her husband, Shirvanshah Khalilullah I, in the 15th century. The mosque became an important place of pilgrimage and worship for Muslims in the region.

The original mosque was destroyed by the Soviet government in the 1930s, but reconstruction began in 1998 with the support of the Azerbaijani government and the Heydar Aliyev Foundation. The new mosque was designed to resemble the original, with a blue dome and minarets.

Bibi-Heybat Mosque is now one of the most important religious and cultural landmarks in Azerbaijan, attracting both tourists and worshippers from around the world. It is also an important symbol of the country's rich Islamic heritage and its commitment to preserving its cultural identity.

Bibi-Heybat Mosque

Arg-e Bam is an ancient fortress and citadel located in the city of Bam in southeastern Iran. It is one of the largest and most well-preserved adobe structures in the world, and is a testament to the ingenuity and architectural achievements of ancient Persian civilizations.

The citadel is believed to have been built during the Sassanid era, and was continuously inhabited for over 2,000 years. The structure consists of a series of ramparts and walls that encircle a central fortress, which contains a network of underground tunnels and chambers.

Arg-e Bam played an important role in the defense of the region, serving as a strategic stronghold against invading armies. It also served as a center of trade and commerce, with caravans passing through the city on the Silk Road.

Tragically, much of the citadel was destroyed in a devastating earthquake that struck the region in 2003. However, extensive efforts have been made to restore and rebuild the fortress, and it remains a popular tourist destination and cultural site, attracting visitors from around the world who are drawn to its ancient history and breathtaking architecture.

Arg-e Bam

Noah's Mausoleum, also known as the Tomb of Noah, is a historical and religious monument located in Nakhchivan, an autonomous republic of Azerbaijan. The monument is believed to be the burial place of Noah, who is revered in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as the builder of the Ark and the savior of mankind from the Great Flood.

The mausoleum was constructed in the 8th century AD and is located on a hill overlooking the city of Nakhchivan. The structure is made of stone and measures approximately 11 meters in height. The exterior of the mausoleum is decorated with intricate carvings and inscriptions, including depictions of animals and mythical creatures.

The interior of the mausoleum features a small room with a cenotaph, which is believed to mark the location of Noah's tomb. The room is also decorated with carvings and inscriptions, including verses from the Quran.

The mausoleum is considered to be one of the oldest and most important religious sites in Azerbaijan, and it attracts thousands of visitors each year. In 2007, it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the "Walled City of Nakhchivan with the Mausoleum of Momine Khatun".

Noah's Mausoleum Nakhchivan

Pasargadae is an ancient Persian capital located in the Fars Province of Iran, approximately 90 kilometers northeast of the city of Shiraz. It was founded by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and served as his capital until his death. The city was expanded and embellished by subsequent Achaemenid kings, including Darius the Great.

Pasargadae is famous for its impressive architecture and engineering, including the Tomb of Cyrus the Great, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The tomb is a rectangular stone structure on a high platform, with six broad steps leading up to the tomb chamber. It is considered a masterpiece of ancient Persian architecture and is the oldest known example of the type of building that later became the standard for imperial tombs.

Other notable structures in Pasargadae include the Audience Hall, which is an enormous rectangular hall with a large central column, and the Palace of Cyrus, which is a complex of several buildings, including the royal residence, reception halls, and administrative offices. The palace is situated on a high terrace overlooking the city.

Pasargadae was also home to the Pasargadae Gardens, which were one of the earliest known examples of a formal Persian garden. The gardens were divided into four quadrants by water channels, and contained fountains, pools, and an irrigation system that was powered by underground channels.

In addition to its architectural and engineering achievements, Pasargadae played an important role in Persian history as the site of several important battles, including the Battle of Pasargadae in 550 BC, which established Cyrus the Great as the ruler of Persia, and the Battle of Issus in 333 BC, where Alexander the Great defeated the Persian army led by Darius III.

Pasargadae

The Qala Complex is an archaeological site located near the town of Mardakan in Baku, Azerbaijan. The complex includes the ruins of a medieval castle, a bathhouse, and a mosque. The castle dates back to the 12th century and was built during the Shirvanshahs' reign. The castle's walls were constructed from cobblestone, and the interior was adorned with beautiful tiles and carvings.

The bathhouse was built in the 14th century and was used for ritual purification before prayer. It features a central dome supported by pillars and several smaller rooms with vaulted ceilings. The bathhouse also has a pool, which was used for ablutions.

The mosque at the Qala Complex is believed to have been built in the 14th century. It was constructed from baked bricks and has a rectangular prayer hall with a dome. The mosque is unique in its design, as it features a four-pillared open courtyard with arches and domes.

Qala complex

Sevanavank is a 9th-century monastery located on the shore of Lake Sevan in Armenia. The complex was built in 874 AD by Princess Mariam, the daughter of Ashot I, the first king of the Bagratuni Dynasty. The monastery is known for its beautiful location and stunning views of the lake and surrounding mountains.

The complex consists of two churches, Surb Arakelots (Holy Apostles) and Surb Astvatsatsin (Holy Mother of God). The main church, Surb Arakelots, is a domed basilica with a rectangular plan. The interior of the church is decorated with frescoes, some of which date back to the 10th century.

The other church, Surb Astvatsatsin, is a small chapel that was built in the 9th century. The chapel is located on a hill overlooking the main church and offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.

Sevanavank was one of the most important religious and cultural centers in medieval Armenia. The monastery played a significant role in the spread of Christianity throughout the region, and it was also a center of learning and scholarship.

Today, Sevanavank is a popular tourist destination in Armenia. Visitors come to the monastery to admire its beautiful architecture, explore the ancient frescoes, and enjoy the stunning natural beauty of the surrounding landscape. The monastery is also an important pilgrimage site for Armenian Christians, who come to pray and worship at the holy site.

Monastery Sevanavank

Golestan Palace is a complex of buildings and gardens located in Tehran, Iran. The palace was the residence of the Qajar dynasty, who ruled Iran from the late 18th century until the early 20th century.

The palace complex includes several buildings, most of which were built during the 19th century. The most famous building in the complex is the Marble Throne Hall, which was built in 1806 by Fath Ali Shah. The hall is named for its magnificent throne, which is made of yellow marble and is decorated with gems and gold.

Other notable buildings in the complex include the Mirror Hall, which is covered with glass and mirrors and is used for official receptions; the Talar-e Aineh (Hall of Mirrors), which is decorated with beautiful murals and stained-glass windows; and the Shams-ol-Emareh (Edifice of the Sun), which was built by Naser al-Din Shah and was one of the first modern buildings in Tehran.

The palace complex also includes several gardens, including the Bagh-e Melli (National Garden), which is a public park located in front of the palace. The gardens are known for their beautiful fountains, pools, and ornamental plants.

Golestan Palace was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2013. It is considered a masterpiece of Persian architecture and is an important cultural and historical landmark in Iran.

Golestan palace

Saint Stepanos Monastery, also known as Saint Stephen's Church, is a 9th-century Armenian monastery located in the northwest region of Iran, near the town of Jolfa in East Azarbaijan province. It is situated on the southern bank of the Aras River and is part of the UNESCO World Heritage site known as the Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran. The monastery was founded by Saint Stepanos, who is believed to have been one of the seventy-two apostles of Jesus Christ.

The original church was built in the 9th century, but the current structure dates back to the 13th century. It is a beautiful example of Armenian architecture with its cross-shaped domed hall and arched entrance portal. The monastery also includes a bell tower, refectory, library, and several khachkars (Armenian cross-stones) that date back to the 16th century.

The Saint Stepanos Monastery is a significant pilgrimage site for Armenians, who come from around the world to pay their respects and worship at the church. The monastery has undergone several renovations and restorations over the centuries, and it remains an important cultural and historical site in Iran.

Saint Stepanos Monastery

Meymand is a troglodyte village located in the southeastern part of Iran, near the city of Shahr-e Babak in the province of Kerman. The village consists of over 400 hand-carved houses and cave dwellings, many of which are believed to be over 7000 years old, making it one of the oldest continuously inhabited settlements in the world. The houses are dug into soft rock and are designed to keep the interior cool during the summer and warm during the winter.

The village is divided into two main parts: the old section, known as the Meymandi, and the new section, known as the Posht-e-Meymand. The Meymandi is the original part of the village and consists of ancient caves and structures that have been inhabited for thousands of years. The Posht-e-Meymand, on the other hand, is a newer section that was built on the hillside above the Meymandi in the 20th century.

The inhabitants of Meymand are mostly from the Shahsavan tribe and are known for their hospitality and traditional way of life. Many of them still practice the ancient crafts of weaving, rug making, and pottery, and visitors can purchase these handmade goods in the village.

Meymand was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2015 due to its unique cultural and architectural value, as well as its historical significance as an example of human adaptation to a harsh and arid environment.

Meymand

Alinja Castle, also known as the "Maiden Tower of Aghdam", is a historical fortress located in the Agdam district of Azerbaijan. The castle is situated on top of a steep hill overlooking the Aras River valley and was built during the 12th century. It served as a military stronghold for the rulers of the Atabegs of Azerbaijan and was used as a strategic point to defend the region against invasions.

The castle has a unique architectural design and was built using large stone blocks. It is surrounded by thick walls and features a complex system of underground tunnels and secret passageways, which were used for communication and as escape routes during times of war. The castle also has a deep well, which provided the inhabitants with a reliable source of water.

The fortress was abandoned during the 17th century and gradually fell into ruins. In the 20th century, the castle was partially restored and is now considered an important cultural and historical site in Azerbaijan. Visitors can explore the ruins of the castle, which offer stunning views of the surrounding landscape. The castle is also a popular spot for photography, as it is situated in a scenic location and has a unique design.

Alinja castle

Gonbad-e Qabus is a city located in the Golestan province of Iran. It is known for its iconic tower, the Gonbad-e Qabus Tower, which is considered to be one of the most important works of the early Islamic period in Iran. The tower was built in the 11th century AD during the reign of the Ziyarid dynasty and stands at a height of 72 meters, making it the tallest brick tower in the world.

The tower is constructed of baked bricks and features a conical dome, which is adorned with intricate geometric and floral designs. It is said that the tower was built as a tomb for the ruler of the Ziyarid dynasty, Qabus ibn Wushmgir, who was known for his interest in astronomy and mathematics.

In addition to the tower, the city of Gonbad-e Qabus has several other notable historical and cultural attractions. The city is home to several mosques, bazaars, and traditional houses, which offer visitors a glimpse into the region's rich cultural heritage. It is also surrounded by beautiful natural landscapes, including forests, mountains, and rivers, which make it a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts.

Gonbad-e Qabus

Bishapur is an ancient city located in the southwestern region of Iran. It was founded by the Sassanid king Shapur I in 266 AD, and served as the capital of the Sassanid Empire during his reign. The city is situated near the ancient trade route that connected the Persian Gulf with Mesopotamia.

Bishapur is known for its magnificent archaeological ruins, including the impressive palace of Shapur I, the remains of the city walls, and the many structures that once housed the city's inhabitants. The palace complex includes a number of intricate carvings and bas-reliefs that depict scenes from the lives of the Sassanid kings.

One of the most notable features of Bishapur is the Anahita Temple, which is dedicated to the goddess of fertility and water. The temple is well-preserved and features a series of columns and arches that are decorated with intricate carvings.

Bishapur was also known for its hydraulic engineering, including an elaborate system of canals and aqueducts that provided water for the city's inhabitants. The remains of these structures can still be seen today.

Today, Bishapur is a popular destination for tourists and historians interested in the ancient history of Iran. Visitors can explore the city's many ruins and learn about the Sassanid Empire and its impact on Iranian history and culture.

Bishapur

Uraman Takht is a historical village located in the western part of Iran's Kurdistan Province, near the border with Iraq. It is part of the larger Uraman region, which is known for its unique architecture, culture, and natural beauty.

The village is situated at an altitude of 2,700 meters above sea level and is characterized by its mud-brick houses, narrow alleys, and steep stairways that climb up the mountain slope. The houses are built in a style that dates back over 2,000 years and are designed to blend seamlessly into the surrounding landscape.

One of the most notable features of Uraman Takht is its ancient water supply system, which is still in use today. The system consists of underground channels that bring water from the nearby mountains to the village, where it is used for drinking, washing, and irrigating crops.

In addition to its unique architecture, Uraman Takht is also home to a number of cultural and historical sites. These include ancient rock carvings, old cemeteries, and traditional shrines and mosques.

The region surrounding Uraman Takht is also known for its natural beauty. Visitors can enjoy hiking, birdwatching, and exploring the nearby mountains and valleys. The area is also home to a variety of plant and animal species, including wild goats, sheep, and bears.

Uraman Takht

Dasht-e Lut, also known as the Lut Desert, is a large salt desert located in southeastern Iran. It covers an area of about 51,800 square kilometers and is one of the hottest and driest places on earth. The region has very little rainfall, and temperatures can exceed 70 degrees Celsius, making it an extreme environment to live in.

Despite its harsh conditions, Dasht-e Lut is known for its unique and stunning natural features. The desert is home to a variety of sand dunes, salt flats, and other geological formations that have been shaped by wind and water erosion over millions of years. One of the most famous of these features is the Yardangs, which are long, narrow ridges of sand and rock that have been sculpted into beautiful, wave-like patterns.

In addition to its geological features, Dasht-e Lut is also home to a number of plant and animal species that have adapted to the harsh conditions of the desert. Some of the most notable species include the Asiatic cheetah, the goitered gazelle, and the desert hare.

Despite its extreme conditions, Dasht-e Lut has been inhabited by humans for thousands of years. Ancient artifacts and archaeological sites have been discovered in the region, including evidence of early human settlements and trade routes that once crossed the desert. Today, the region is home to a small number of nomadic tribes who continue to live in traditional ways, herding camels and other livestock across the desert landscape.

Dasht-e Lut

The Behistun Inscription is a multilingual inscription located on a towering cliff at Mount Behistun in present-day Iran. It was commissioned by Darius the Great, the king of the Achaemenid Empire, in 520 BCE to celebrate his victories over his enemies and assert his authority over his empire.

The inscription is written in three different scripts and languages: Old Persian, Elamite, and Babylonian. The Old Persian version is the most extensive and is written in cuneiform script. It contains 414 lines and provides valuable information about the history, religion, and administration of the Achaemenid Empire. The other two versions are shorter and written in different scripts.

The inscription also contains a depiction of Darius and his enemies, including Gaumata, who was a Magian usurper who claimed the throne of Persia after the death of Cambyses II. The inscription tells the story of how Darius defeated Gaumata and his supporters and established his rule over Persia. It also lists the countries and peoples that were subject to the Achaemenid Empire.

The Behistun Inscription was first studied and translated by Sir Henry Rawlinson, a British soldier and scholar, in the mid-19th century. His work paved the way for the decipherment of cuneiform script and significantly contributed to the study of ancient history and archaeology. The inscription has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site and is considered one of the most important historical and archaeological sites in the world.

Behistun Inscription

The Oriental Pearl Tower is a TV tower located in Shanghai, China. It was completed in 1994 and stands at a height of 468 meters (1,535 feet). The tower has become a symbol of the city and is one of the most recognizable landmarks in China.

The tower is divided into three spheres, the largest of which is 50 meters (164 feet) in diameter and contains an observation deck. The middle sphere is 45 meters (148 feet) in diameter and houses a revolving restaurant, while the smallest sphere is 14 meters (46 feet) in diameter and is used as a sightseeing area.

The tower is illuminated at night with a variety of colors and patterns, making it a popular tourist attraction in the evening. Visitors can take an elevator to the observation deck to enjoy panoramic views of the city and the Huangpu River.

Oriental Pearl Tower

Firuzabad is an ancient city located in the Fars Province of Iran. It was founded by King Ardashir I in the early 3rd century AD as his capital city. The city was built to symbolize Ardashir's new dynasty, the Sassanian Empire.

One of the main features of Firuzabad is its circular city plan, with the royal palace and audience hall located at the center. The circular design is believed to have been inspired by the ancient Iranian myth of the city of Arvandor, which was also said to have a circular layout.

One of the most prominent structures in Firuzabad is the Qal'eh Dokhtar, also known as the Palace of Ardashir. It is a well-preserved palace that is believed to have been used as the royal residence of Ardashir I. The palace is made of stone and features a large entrance, an audience hall, and several rooms for the king and his family.

Another significant structure in Firuzabad is the Ghal'eh-ye Kārān, or the Castle of Karan. It is a large fortress located on a nearby hilltop that was built during the Sassanian period to protect the city from invading forces. The fortress features a large gate, several towers, and underground tunnels.

Firuzabad is also known for its large irrigation system that was used to bring water from the nearby mountains to the city. The system, which includes a large dam and canals, is still in use today and provides water to the surrounding agricultural lands.

Firuzabad

The Mud Volcanoes in Baku, Azerbaijan are a unique natural phenomenon where mud and gas are pushed up from deep below the Earth's surface to create small volcanoes made of mud. These small volcanoes are found throughout the area and are a popular tourist destination.

The mud volcanoes are caused by the release of methane and other gases from deep underground, which mixes with the mud to create the volcanic eruptions. The mud is typically grey or beige in color and can range in consistency from liquid to semi-solid. Some of the mud volcanoes are as small as a few inches high, while others can reach heights of up to several meters.

The area around the Mud Volcanoes is a protected national park, which is home to a variety of wildlife, including wild boar, gazelles, and wolves. The park is also an important nesting site for a number of bird species.

Visitors to the Mud Volcanoes can hike through the surrounding desert landscape, take a guided tour, or even ride on a specially designed vehicle that can navigate the rugged terrain. It is important to note that the mud can be slippery, and visitors are advised to wear appropriate footwear and exercise caution while exploring the area.

Mud Volcanoes Baku

The Monastery of Saint Thaddeus is an ancient Armenian monastery located in the mountainous region of northwestern Iran, near the border with Azerbaijan and Turkey. The monastery is believed to have been founded in the 1st century AD by the Apostle Thaddeus, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus.

The monastery complex includes several buildings and structures, including the main church, known as the St. Thaddeus Church or the Qara Kelisa (Black Church), a chapel, a bell tower, and several rooms for monks and pilgrims. The St. Thaddeus Church is considered to be one of the oldest surviving Christian churches in the world and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The monastery has undergone several renovations and reconstructions over the centuries, with the current structures dating back to the 14th century. The architecture of the monastery is characterized by its blend of Armenian and Persian styles, with intricate carvings, tile work, and frescoes decorating the interior and exterior of the buildings.

The Monastery of Saint Thaddeus is an important pilgrimage site for Armenian Christians, with thousands of pilgrims visiting the site each year to pay homage to the Apostle Thaddeus and to seek blessings and healing. The monastery is also a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world who are interested in history, architecture, and religion.

Monastery of Saint Thaddeus

The Palace of Shaki Khans, also known as Shaki Palace, is a historical residence located in the town of Shaki, Azerbaijan. The palace was built in the late 18th century and served as the summer residence of the Shaki Khans.

The palace consists of several buildings, including a main building, harem, and a large courtyard. The main building is a two-story structure made of brick and stone, with intricate wooden balconies and colorful stained-glass windows. The harem is a separate building where the women of the palace lived, and it has a distinct architectural style and ornate decoration.

The palace's interior is adorned with exquisite frescoes, intricate woodcarvings, and intricate stained-glass windows. The palace also has a collection of antique furniture and traditional Azerbaijani carpets.

Today, the Palace of Shaki Khans is a popular tourist attraction in Azerbaijan and has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Visitors can explore the palace and its surroundings, learn about the history of the Shaki Khans, and enjoy traditional Azerbaijani music and dance performances.

Palace of Shaki Khans

Shahr-e Sukhteh, also known as the Burnt City, is an archaeological site located in the southeastern province of Sistan and Baluchistan, Iran. The city was founded around 3200 BCE, making it one of the oldest known cities in the world.

The Burnt City covers an area of approximately 150 hectares and is composed of a central citadel and residential areas, with an extensive cemetery located to the east. The city was once a hub of trade and industry, with evidence of metalworking, weaving, and pottery production.

Archaeologists have uncovered a wealth of artifacts at the site, including a complex irrigation system, a script that has yet to be deciphered, and over 30,000 individual objects, such as pottery, jewelry, and tools. The most famous discovery at the site is a woman’s skeleton that dates back to around 2900 BCE and is believed to be one of the world's oldest known examples of brain surgery.

The city was destroyed and abandoned around 1800 BCE for unknown reasons, and its ruins remained hidden beneath the sand until it was rediscovered in the 20th century. Shahr-e Sukhteh has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in recognition of its outstanding universal value as an important center of trade and innovation in the Bronze Age.

Shahr-e Sukhteh

Shushtar is a historical city located in the southwestern part of Iran, in Khuzestan Province. It is situated on the banks of the Karun River and is known for its ancient hydraulic engineering system, which is considered a masterpiece of ancient engineering.

The hydraulic system of Shushtar, also known as Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System, includes a series of water mills, dams, bridges, tunnels, and canals that were built during the Achaemenid and Sassanid periods of ancient Persia. The system was designed to supply water for irrigation, drinking, and industrial use, and is considered an outstanding example of the ingenuity of ancient Persian engineers.

The hydraulic system consists of several parts, including the Gargar Canal, which is the main canal that carries water from the Karun River to the city, and the Shadorvan Bridge, which was built to cross the canal. Other important structures include the Band-e Mizan Dam, the Band-e Kaisar Dam, and the Salasel Castle, which served as a fortress to protect the city from enemy attacks.

Shushtar has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site since 2009 due to its outstanding universal value and the significance of its hydraulic system as a cultural heritage site. The city has several other notable historical sites, including the Shushtar Historical Bazaar, the Jameh Mosque of Shushtar, and the Falak-ol-Aflak Castle. The city is also famous for its handicrafts, such as carpets, silk fabrics, and traditional clothing.

Shushtar

Soltaniyeh is a historical city located in northwestern Iran, about 340 km west of Tehran. The city is famous for its magnificent dome, which is located in the center of the city and is considered one of the most significant architectural landmarks of Iran.

The dome of Soltaniyeh was built in the early 14th century, during the reign of the Ilkhanate dynasty, and is the largest brick dome in the world. It has a diameter of 50 meters and a height of 25 meters, and its intricate design and decoration reflect the cultural and artistic richness of the period.

The city of Soltaniyeh was the capital of the Ilkhanate empire for a short period, and its impressive monuments and buildings, including the dome and the surrounding buildings, are a testament to the wealth and power of the Ilkhanate dynasty. The city was also an important center of learning, and several scholars and theologians lived and worked there during the 14th and 15th centuries.

Today, Soltaniyeh is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts visitors from all over the world who come to admire the dome and explore the rich history and culture of the region. The city is also known for its beautiful gardens and parks, which provide a peaceful and relaxing atmosphere for visitors.

Soltaniyeh

Persepolis, also known as Takht-e Jamshid, is an ancient ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire located in southern Iran, around 60 km northeast of the city of Shiraz. It was constructed by King Darius the Great in the 6th century BC and was later expanded by his successors Xerxes and Artaxerxes.

The city was built on a terrace platform, and its magnificent buildings, including palaces, audience halls, and other ceremonial structures, were constructed using the finest materials available at the time, such as marble, gold, and silver. The most famous buildings in Persepolis include the Apadana Palace, the Throne Hall, the Gate of All Nations, and the Treasury.

Persepolis was used primarily as a center for ceremonial events and royal audiences, and it also served as a political center for the empire. It was heavily influenced by Persian, Babylonian, and Assyrian art, and the intricate carvings and reliefs found on its walls are considered some of the finest examples of ancient Persian art.

Despite its grandeur, Persepolis was destroyed by Alexander the Great in 330 BC, and much of its wealth was looted or destroyed. The site was later abandoned and remained forgotten until the 17th century when it was rediscovered by European travelers. Today, Persepolis is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Iran's most popular tourist destinations.

Persepolis

Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Azerbaijan. It is situated on the west bank of the Caspian Sea, about 60 km south of Baku, the capital city of Azerbaijan. The area is known for its extensive collection of rock art, which is estimated to be more than 40,000 years old.

The Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape covers an area of about 537 hectares and includes more than 6,000 rock engravings and paintings, which depict hunting scenes, animals, people, and other elements of daily life. The rock art is located in caves, shelters, and on large boulders, and is thought to have been created by the hunter-gatherer communities that lived in the region during the Upper Paleolithic period.

In addition to the rock art, the site also contains ancient tombs, dwellings, and other archaeological features, including stone circles and a megalithic altar. The area is rich in natural resources, including mud volcanoes, thermal springs, and petroleum deposits, which have been exploited since ancient times.

Gobustan Rock

Bassae, also known as Bassae of Phigalia, is an ancient Greek temple located in the Peloponnese region of Greece. The temple is dedicated to the god Apollo Epikourios, and it is considered one of the best examples of ancient Greek architecture.

The temple was constructed in the mid-5th century BC, during the Classical period of Greece, and it was designed by the architect Iktinos, who was also one of the architects of the Parthenon in Athens. The temple is made of local limestone and marble and is located in the mountains, near the village of Skliros, in the region of Messenia.

The temple is renowned for its unique design, which combines elements of both the Doric and Ionic orders of Greek architecture. The temple has a rectangular plan and is surrounded by a colonnade of 23 Doric columns on the long sides and 6 Ionic columns on the short sides. The interior of the temple features a cella, or inner chamber, where the statue of Apollo Epikourios was housed.

The temple was rediscovered in the 18th century by British architect and antiquarian James Stuart, who was traveling through the area. The temple was in a state of disrepair and had been partially covered by landslide debris. The restoration of the temple began in the 20th century and was completed in the 1990s.

Today, the temple of Bassae is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is open to visitors who wish to explore its ancient architecture and learn about the history of the region.

Bassae

The Skopje Art Bridge is a pedestrian bridge in the city of Skopje, North Macedonia. It is located in the city center and spans across the Vardar River, connecting the Macedonian Square and the Old Bazaar. The bridge was designed by the Italian architect Francesco Foscari in collaboration with the artist Valentina Stefanovska, and it was opened in 2012.

The Art Bridge is known for its unique and colorful design. It features 29 different art installations by Macedonian artists, which are integrated into the bridge's railings and pavement. The installations are made of metal, glass, and stone, and they represent various themes and aspects of Macedonian culture and history, such as the Cyrillic alphabet, traditional costumes, and famous Macedonian personalities.

In addition to its artistic value, the Skopje Art Bridge is also an important urban landmark and a popular tourist attraction. It offers panoramic views of the Vardar River, the surrounding mountains, and the city's skyline. The bridge is also frequently used as a venue for cultural events, such as concerts, festivals, and exhibitions.

Skopje Art bridge

Spinalonga is a small island located in the Gulf of Elounda in Crete, Greece. The island has a long and interesting history that dates back to the Venetian occupation of Crete. In the early 1900s, the island was used as a leper colony until it was abandoned in the 1950s.

Spinalonga is a popular tourist attraction today and can be reached by boat from nearby towns like Elounda and Agios Nikolaos. Visitors can explore the island's old fortress walls, narrow streets, and abandoned buildings, including the former leper colony hospital. There are also several small beaches on the island that are popular for swimming and sunbathing.

The island's history and its former use as a leper colony are a significant part of its appeal to visitors. A visit to Spinalonga provides an opportunity to learn about the island's past and the lives of the people who were forced to live there. The island has also been the subject of several books, including the best-selling novel "The Island" by Victoria Hislop, which has brought international attention to Spinalonga and its history.

Spinalonga

Eram Garden, also known as the Garden of Paradise, is a historic Persian garden located in Shiraz, Iran. The garden is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most famous gardens in Iran, known for its lush greenery, beautiful flowers, and tranquil atmosphere.

The Eram Garden was built during the Seljuk dynasty and has been renovated and expanded several times throughout history. The garden covers an area of approximately 11 hectares and is divided into two main sections: the botanical garden and the residential area.

The botanical garden is home to a wide variety of trees, plants, and flowers, including cypress trees, orange trees, roses, and fountains. The residential area includes a pavilion, a small museum, and several other buildings.

One of the most distinctive features of the Eram Garden is its beautiful pool, which is surrounded by a colonnaded portico and a series of arches. The garden is also famous for its intricate tile work and its use of water features, including fountains, water channels, and cascades.

Eram Garden

Takht-e Soleyman (also known as Azar Goshnasp) is an ancient archaeological site located in the northwest of Iran. It is believed to have been a major Zoroastrian fire temple and royal residence during the Sassanian Empire (224-651 CE). The site is situated atop a volcanic peak at an altitude of 2,000 meters above sea level and includes several structures, including a palace, temple, and defensive walls.

The site's central feature is the large crater lake, known as the Lake of the Sun, which was considered sacred by the Zoroastrians. The temple complex was built around this lake, which was believed to have been created by a meteor strike. The complex includes several buildings, including the main temple, a fire temple, a palace, and a royal library.

The main temple is one of the most important structures at the site and is built on a raised platform. It is a circular structure with a diameter of 52 meters and a height of 38 meters, with an outer shell made of bricks and an interior chamber built of stone. The interior of the temple contains a large central hall with an octagonal pool in the center, which is believed to have been used for Zoroastrian rituals.

The palace at Takht-e Soleyman was built in the 13th century under the Ilkhanid dynasty and was used as a summer residence by the rulers of the time. It is located at the western edge of the site and features a large courtyard, several halls, and a tower that served as a lookout point.

In addition to its historical and architectural significance, Takht-e Soleyman is also known for its natural beauty, with its scenic surroundings and panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. The site was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2003, recognizing its importance as an outstanding example of the integration of natural and cultural elements.

Takht-e Soleyman

Stars Valley is a natural wonder located in the southern part of Qeshm Island in Iran. It is a unique geological formation that consists of tall, cone-shaped columns made of sand and rocks that have been eroded over thousands of years by wind and rain. The columns have a unique shape and color, and when the sun shines on them, they create a stunning display of light and shadow.

The valley is surrounded by mountains, and the wind blows through the columns, creating an eerie sound that is reminiscent of the howling of the wind. The site is also known for its beautiful sunsets and the stars that can be seen in the night sky. The valley is accessible by car or by foot, and visitors can explore the site on foot or by taking a guided tour.

There are several legends associated with the Stars Valley. According to one legend, the columns were formed by a meteor that fell to earth and created the unique formations. Another legend says that the valley is home to jinns, or supernatural creatures, who come out at night to play and dance among the columns. The valley has become a popular tourist attraction in recent years, and visitors can enjoy hiking, camping, and photography amidst the otherworldly landscape.

Stars valley Qeshm

Ali-Sadr cave is a magnificent cave located in the Hamadan province of Iran, about 100 km north of the city of Hamadan. It is one of the largest and most beautiful water caves in the world, with a complex system of interconnected tunnels and lakes.

The cave was discovered by a group of Iranian and French explorers in the 1960s, and it was opened to the public in 1976. The cave's unique features include underground rivers, lakes, and waterfalls, as well as striking rock formations and stalactites and stalagmites that have been forming for millions of years.

Visitors to Ali-Sadr cave can take a boat tour through the cave's tunnels and lakes, with the water being so clear that the visitors can see the bottom of the lake, which is several meters below. The temperature inside the cave is also quite mild, remaining around 12 to 13 degrees Celsius throughout the year.

Ali-Sadr cave is not only a tourist attraction but also an important geological and ecological site, as well as a significant archaeological site. It has provided a wealth of information about the region's geology and climate, as well as the lives of the people who lived in the area thousands of years ago.

Ali-Sadr cave

Naqsh-e Rajab is an archaeological site located in Iran, about 4 kilometers north of the ancient city of Persepolis. It is an ancient rock relief site that dates back to the Sassanid Empire, between the 3rd and 7th centuries CE. The site features four large rock reliefs that depict the investiture ceremonies and the victories of the Sassanid kings. The site also has some inscriptions in Pahlavi script, which provide information about the kings and the scenes depicted in the reliefs.

The most prominent of the rock reliefs is the one depicting the investiture of Ardashir I, the founder of the Sassanid Empire, who is receiving the ring of kingship from Ahura Mazda, the Zoroastrian god of wisdom and creation. The other three reliefs show the victories of kings Shapur I, Shapur II, and Bahram II, over their enemies. One of the reliefs shows a figure of Shapur I on horseback, with the Roman emperor Valerian kneeling before him in submission.

Naqsh-e Rajab is an important historical site that provides valuable insight into the art, culture, and history of the Sassanid Empire. It is a popular tourist destination in Iran and attracts visitors from all over the world. The site is well-preserved, and visitors can easily access the reliefs and inscriptions.

Naqsh-e Rajab

Chogha Zanbil, also known as Dur-Untash, is an ancient Elamite complex located in the Khuzestan province of southwestern Iran. The site dates back to the Middle Elamite period of Iran, between 1250 BCE and 650 BCE, and was built by the Elamite king Untash-Napirisha.

The complex includes a large ziggurat, or stepped pyramid, as well as a series of temples and palaces. The ziggurat was originally about 52 meters (170 feet) tall, with five levels, and was constructed using over 2 million baked bricks. The other buildings at the site were also constructed using baked bricks, and some of the walls are decorated with colorful glazed bricks.

Chogha Zanbil was abandoned after being sacked by the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal in the 7th century BCE, and was not rediscovered until the early 20th century. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, and is considered one of the best-preserved examples of Elamite architecture and art.

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