Vardzia is a cave monastery complex located in southern Georgia, near the town of Aspindza. The site was built in the 12th century during the reign of Queen Tamar and was carved out of a large cliff face. The complex consists of over 600 man-made caves and tunnels, some of which are connected by narrow, winding staircases.

The site was built as a defensive structure, as well as a center for worship and education. The caves served as living quarters for the monks, as well as storage spaces for food, water, and other supplies. The complex also includes a church, chapels, and a throne room.

One of the most impressive features of Vardzia is its frescoes, which were painted on the walls of the churches and chapels. Many of these frescoes are still visible today and depict scenes from the Bible, as well as images of Georgian saints and royalty.

Vardzia was partially destroyed by an earthquake in the 13th century, but it was later rebuilt and expanded. Today, the site is a popular tourist destination and a symbol of Georgia's rich history and culture.