Robben Island is an island located off the coast of Cape Town, South Africa. It was first used as a prison by Dutch colonizers in the 17th century, and was later used by the British as a prison for political dissidents during the 19th and 20th centuries. The most famous prisoner of Robben Island was Nelson Mandela, who spent 18 of his 27 years in prison on the island.

Robben Island was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1999, and has since become a popular tourist destination. Visitors can take a ferry from the Victoria and Alfred Waterfront in Cape Town to the island, where they can tour the prison and learn about the history of apartheid in South Africa. The tour is led by former political prisoners, who share their personal stories and experiences.

In addition to the prison, Robben Island is also home to a variety of plant and animal species, including African penguins, seals, and various species of birds. The island has been designated a nature reserve, and efforts are being made to preserve its unique ecosystem.

Overall, Robben Island is an important symbol of South Africa's struggle for freedom and democracy, and serves as a powerful reminder of the injustices of apartheid.