The Richat Structure, also known as the "Eye of the Sahara" or "Guelb er Richat," is a prominent and distinctive geological formation located in the Sahara Desert of Mauritania, West Africa. This enigmatic and visually stunning structure is characterized by its concentric rings of alternating sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks, which form a circular pattern resembling a bull's-eye or a target when viewed from above.

The Richat Structure spans a diameter of approximately 50 kilometers (about 30 miles) and is easily visible from space, making it one of the most recognizable and intriguing geological features on Earth. The origin and formation of the Richat Structure have been a subject of scientific debate and investigation for many years, with several theories proposed to explain its unique and complex structure.

One of the leading theories suggests that the Richat Structure was formed as a result of geological processes, including erosion, uplift, and the subsequent collapse of a volcanic dome. Over millions of years, the combined effects of wind, water, and weathering have sculpted the landscape, revealing the underlying layers of rock and creating the concentric ring patterns that we see today.

Another theory proposes that the Richat Structure may be the eroded remnants of an ancient impact crater or a deeply eroded volcanic caldera. However, geological studies and analysis of rock samples from the site have not provided conclusive evidence to support these hypotheses.

The Richat Structure is a popular destination for geologists, researchers, and tourists interested in exploring the unique geological features and natural beauty of the Sahara Desert. Visitors can take guided tours or hike to viewpoints overlooking the structure to admire its breathtaking size and intricate patterns, as well as enjoy the panoramic views of the surrounding desert landscape.

In addition to its geological significance, the Richat Structure is also considered a sacred and culturally significant site by the local Imraguen people, who have inhabited the region for centuries. The structure's circular shape and concentric rings have inspired various myths, legends, and spiritual beliefs among the local communities, adding to its mystique and allure.