Elvas Fortress is a vast system of fortifications in the town of Elvas, eastern Portugal, near the Spanish border. Considered one of the finest examples of 17th-century military architecture in Europe, the complex includes star-shaped walls, bastions, forts, and defensive structures that surround the historic town. Its scale and preservation have earned it UNESCO World Heritage status.

The fortifications were developed mainly in the 17th century during the Portuguese Restoration War, when Elvas became a key defensive stronghold against Spanish invasion. Engineers designed the fortress using advanced bastioned defense systems influenced by Vauban-style military architecture. Elvas successfully withstood several sieges, proving its strategic importance in Iberian military history.

Interesting Facts
1. Elvas Fortress is one of the largest bulwarked fortification systems in the world.
2. The complex includes Fort Santa Luzia and Fort Nossa Senhora da Graça.
3. The defensive walls form a distinctive star-shaped pattern.
4. The site is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
5. Elvas played a crucial role in defending Portugal’s independence.
6. The fortifications integrate moats, ramparts, and underground passages.

Visiting Tips
1. Allow several hours to explore the town walls and outlying forts.
2. Wear comfortable shoes for walking on uneven stone surfaces.
3. Visit Fort Nossa Senhora da Graça for panoramic views.
4. Bring water, especially during warmer months.
5. Combine your visit with Elvas’ historic center and aqueduct.
6. Visit early or late in the day to avoid peak heat in summer.