Indonesia is a country located in Southeast Asia and Oceania. It is the world's largest island country, comprising of more than 17,000 islands. The country is home to a diverse population, with over 300 ethnic groups and more than 700 living languages.

Indonesia has a rich cultural heritage, with influences from Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms, Islamic empires, and European colonialism. This is reflected in the country's architecture, arts, and traditional customs. The most famous cultural site in Indonesia is the Borobudur temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Central Java.

Indonesia is known for its natural beauty, with tropical rainforests, pristine beaches, active volcanoes, and coral reefs. Popular tourist destinations include Bali, Lombok, and the Gili Islands, where visitors can enjoy water sports, hiking, and cultural experiences.

Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia and the center of the country's politics, economy, and culture. It is a bustling metropolis with a diverse population and many attractions, including museums, shopping centers, and nightlife.

Indonesia is also famous for its cuisine, which varies greatly from region to region. Some popular dishes include nasi goreng (fried rice), satay (grilled meat on a stick), and rendang (spicy meat stew).

Indonesia has a tropical climate with two distinct seasons: the rainy season from October to April and the dry season from May to September. The best time to visit depends on the region, but generally, the dry season is the most popular time for tourists.

Indonesia is the world's fourth most populous country and has the largest Muslim population in the world. The official language is Indonesian, but English is widely spoken in tourist areas. The currency is the Indonesian rupiah (IDR), and the country is known for its affordability.

Telephone Code
62

Local Emergency Phone
Ambulance: 118; Fire: 113; Police: 110

Vaccinations
An International Certificate of Vaccination for yellow fever is required for travelers arriving from countries with a risk of yellow fever transmission and for travelers having transited through the airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission. See WHO recommendations.

Climate
Tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

Currency (Code)
Indonesian rupiah (IDR)

Electricity/Voltage/Plug Type(s)
230 V / 50 Hz / plug types(s): C, F

Major Languages
Bahasa Indonesia, English, Dutch, local dialects (Javanese); note: more than 700 languages are used in Indonesia

Major Religions
Muslim 87.2%, Protestant 7%, Roman Catholic 2.9%, Hindu 1.7%, other 0.9% (includes Buddhist and Confucian)

Potable Water
Opt for bottled water

International Driving Permit
Suggested

Road Driving Side
Left

Tourist Destinations
Bali; Tongkonan architecture; Dayak villages; Lake Toba; Mount Krakatoa; Rinjani National Park; Pura Tanah Lot; Banda Islands; Sangiran Early Man Site; Borobudur Temple

Major Sports
Soccer, badminton, basketball, boxing, surfing

Cultural Practices
Aggressive body language such as hands on hips or crossed arms is considered to be in poor taste. Try to express dissatisfaction without loud body language.

Tipping Guidelines
Tipping is not expected. Tipping 10-15% of the total bill is appropriate in restaurants, if not included in a service charge. Round up taxi fares. Tip porters, bellhops and housekeeping with loose change.

Souvenirs
Batik and ikat fabrics; paper, silk, and light wood kites; silver items, woven basketware, bamboo items and wood carved bowls, furniture and antiques

Traditional Cuisine
Nasi Goreng — rice stir-fried with shrimp, shallots, and soy sauce and topped with a fried egg; often accompanied with a grilled sausage

Geography
Area
total: 1,904,569 sq km
land: 1,811,569 sq km
water: 93,000 sq km

Climate
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

Natural resources
petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver

People and Society
Population
279,476,346 (2023 est.)

Ethnic groups
Javanese 40.1%, Sundanese 15.5%, Malay 3.7%, Batak 3.6%, Madurese 3%, Betawi 2.9%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Buginese 2.7%, Bantenese 2%, Banjarese 1.7%, Balinese 1.7%, Acehnese 1.4%, Dayak 1.4%, Sasak 1.3%, Chinese 1.2%, other 15% (2010 est.)

Languages
Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects (of which the most widely spoken is Javanese); note - more than 700 languages are used in Indonesia

Religions
Muslim 87.2%, Protestant 7%, Roman Catholic 2.9%, Hindu 1.7%, other 0.9% (includes Buddhist and Confucian), unspecified 0.4% (2010 est.)

Population growth rate
0.76% (2023 est.)

Government
Government type
presidential republic

Capital
name: Jakarta; note - Indonesian lawmakers on 18 January 2022 approved the relocation of the country’s capital from Jakarta to a site in East Kalimantan, a jungle area of Borneo; the move to Nusantara, the name of the new capital, will take several years

Economy
Economic overview
one of the fastest growing economies and largest in Southeast Asia; upper middle-income country; human capital and competitiveness phase of its 20-year development plan; COVID-19 reversed poverty reduction trajectory; strengthening financial resilience

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$3.246 trillion (2021 est.)

Real GDP per capita
$11,900 (2021 est.)

Agricultural products
oil palm fruit, rice, maize, sugar cane, coconuts, cassava, bananas, eggs, poultry, rubber

Industries
petroleum and natural gas, textiles, automotive, electrical appliances, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, medical instruments and appliances, handicrafts, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, processed food, jewelry, and tourism

Exports
$246.87 billion (2021 est.)

Exports - partners
China 15%, United States 10%, Japan 9%, Singapore 8%, India 7%, Malaysia 5% (2019)

Exports - commodities
coal, palm oil, natural gas, cars, gold (2019)

Imports
$217.715 billion (2021 est.)

Imports - partners
China 27%, Singapore 12%, Japan 8%, Thailand 5%, United States 5%, South Korea 5%, Malaysia 5% (2019)

Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, crude petroleum, vehicle parts, telephones, natural gas (2019)