Zhoukoudian is an archaeological site located about 50 km southwest of Beijing, China. The site has yielded many important discoveries about human evolution, including the remains of Peking Man, a group of Homo erectus fossils that date back to about 700,000 years ago.

The Zhoukoudian site was first discovered in the 1920s by Swedish geologist Johan Gunnar Andersson and Chinese archaeologist Pei Wenzhong. The discovery of the Peking Man fossils in the 1930s by Pei and his team was a major breakthrough in the study of human evolution. In addition to the human fossils, the site has also yielded a wide range of stone tools, animal bones, and other artifacts that provide important insights into the daily life and behavior of early humans.

The site consists of a series of limestone caves and rock shelters that were inhabited by early humans over a period of hundreds of thousands of years. The Peking Man fossils were found in a cave known as Dragon Bone Hill (Longgushan), which has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage site.