Carnaval de Oruro, also known as the Oruro Carnival, is one of the most significant cultural and religious events in Bolivia. It takes place in the city of Oruro, located in the highlands of Bolivia, and is celebrated annually in honor of the Virgen de la Candelaria (Virgin of Candelaria), the patron saint of the city.

The origins of the Carnaval de Oruro can be traced back to pre-colonial times when indigenous communities celebrated their agricultural and fertility rituals. With the arrival of Spanish colonizers, Catholic elements were incorporated into the festivities, blending indigenous traditions with Christian beliefs.

The main event of the Carnaval de Oruro is the Diablada, a traditional dance performed by thousands of dancers dressed as "diablos" (devils). The dance represents the struggle between good and evil, with the diablos depicting demons fighting against the Archangel Michael and other Christian figures. The costumes worn by the diablos are elaborate and colorful, adorned with masks, feathers, and intricate designs.

Another important dance during the carnival is the Morenada, performed by dancers dressed as "morenos" (African slaves). The dance reflects the influence of African culture brought to Bolivia during the colonial period.

The Llamerada is another captivating dance performed during the Carnaval de Oruro, with dancers imitating the movements of llamas, a common animal in the Andean region.

The Carnaval de Oruro spans several days, with processions, music, and dance performances filling the streets. It is a vibrant and lively celebration that showcases Bolivia's rich cultural heritage and diverse traditions.

The event is deeply rooted in religious devotion, with many participants making a pilgrimage to the Sanctuary of the Virgen de la Candelaria during the carnival. The religious aspect of the celebration reflects the syncretism between indigenous beliefs and Catholicism in Bolivia.

The Carnaval de Oruro was declared a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2001, recognizing its cultural significance and importance to the people of Bolivia and the world. The carnival continues to be an integral part of Bolivian identity, drawing thousands of visitors each year who come to experience the enchanting blend of music, dance, and spirituality that makes this carnival truly exceptional.